windows

要讓 windows 能夠透過 ch340 晶片，達成 usb to serial 功能，要安裝此晶片的驅動程式。

pip install esptool

Micropython fimeware(ESP32) 下載 ESP32_GENERIC-20260406-v1.28.0.bin

esptool --port COM4 erase_flash (COM的部份，要找一下，別找錯了)

esptool --chip esp32 --port COM4 --baud 460800 write_flash -z 0x1000 ESP32_GENERIC-20260406-v1.28.0.bin

raspberry pi 5

raspberry pi 5 與 esp32 lolin d32 的相遇

[terminal]

  lsusb
  (看到 Bus 003 Device 003: ID 1a86:7523 QinHeng Electronics CH340 serial converter)

  dmesg | grep -i tty
  (看到 [14885.442504] usb 3-1: ch341-uart converter now attached to ttyUSB0)

  ls /dev/ttyUSB*
  (看到 /dev/ttyUSB0)

  dmesg -w
  (熱插拔 usb 線會看到設備動作的描述)

[Thonny]

  看右下方，選單選擇
  MicroPython (ESP32) ● USB Serial @ /dev/ttyUSB0

[terminal]

  sudo apt update
  sudo apt upgrade -y
  
  sudo apt install pipx
  pipx ensurepath
  (關掉terminal，重新打開)

  pipx --version

  pipx install esptool
  esptool.py --help
  
  到 https://micropython.org/download/ESP32_GENERIC/ 下載 ESP32_GENERIC-20260406-v1.28.0.bin
  
  esptool erase_flash
  或
  esptool --port /dev/ttyUSB0 erase_flash
  
  esptool --chip esp32 --port /dev/ttyUSB0 --baud 460800 write_flash -z 0x1000 ESP32_GENERIC-20260406-v1.28.0.bin
  
[Thonny]

  進入 Thonny ，看右下方，選單選擇
  MicroPython (ESP32) ● USB Serial @ /dev/ttyUSB0

  從 Shell 方框可以看到韌體已更新
  是 MicroPython v1.28.0 on 2026-04-06; Generic ESP32 module with ESP32